How Does Minimum Wage Compare Across North America, Europe and Asia

Minimum wage is a topic that has been widely discussed in recent years. The debate over whether to increase or decrease the minimum wage has been a hot topic in many countries around the world. Many people argue that the minimum wage should be increased to help low-income workers, while others believe that it should remain the same to avoid economic instability.

When comparing minimum wage in different countries, it is important to consider the cost of living and the purchasing power of the currency. For example, a higher minimum wage in one country may not necessarily mean that workers are better off if the cost of living is also higher. Therefore, it is important to look at the minimum wage in each country in relation to the cost of living and other economic factors.

Overall, understanding the differences in minimum wage across different countries can provide valuable insights into the economic and social policies of each nation. By analyzing the minimum wage in each country, policymakers can make informed decisions about how to improve the standard of living for low-income workers and promote economic growth.

  • Understanding Minimum Wage
  • Minimum Wage in North America
  • Minimum Wage in Europe
  • Minimum Wage in Asia

Understanding Minimum Wage

Minimum wage is the lowest amount of payment that an employer is legally required to pay to their employees for each hour of work. It is set by the government and varies from country to country. Understanding the concept of minimum wage is important as it has a significant impact on the economy and the standard of living of workers.

In most countries, minimum wage is established to protect workers from exploitation and to ensure that they receive a fair wage for their work. It is usually set by the government or a regulatory body, and is based on factors such as the cost of living, inflation, and the overall economic conditions of the country.

Minimum wage laws also vary in terms of coverage. Some countries have a universal minimum wage that applies to all workers, while others have different minimum wage rates for different industries or sectors. There are also countries that do not have a minimum wage at all.

It is important to note that minimum wage is not the same as a living wage, which is the amount of money needed to cover basic living expenses such as food, housing, and healthcare. In many countries, minimum wage falls short of a living wage, which can lead to poverty and economic inequality.

Overall, understanding minimum wage is crucial for policymakers, employers, and workers alike. It is a complex issue that requires careful consideration and balancing of various economic and social factors.

Minimum Wage in North America

In North America, the minimum wage varies by state and province. The federal minimum wage in the United States is $7.25 per hour, while in Canada it is $15 per hour. However, some states and provinces have set their own minimum wage rates higher than the federal rate.

In the United States, as of June 2023, the highest minimum wage is in California at $15.00 per hour. Several other states, including New York, Massachusetts, and Washington, have also set their minimum wage rates at $15.00 per hour. On the other hand, some states, such as Georgia and Wyoming, have minimum wage rates as low as $5.15 per hour, although employers subject to the Fair Labor Standards Act must pay the federal minimum wage.

In Canada, the minimum wage varies by province. As of June 2023, the highest minimum wage is in Ontario at $15.00 per hour. Other provinces, including Alberta and British Columbia, have set their minimum wage rates at $15.00 per hour or higher. The lowest minimum wage is in Saskatchewan at $11.32 per hour.

It is important to note that some cities and counties in both the United States and Canada have set their own minimum wage rates higher than the state or provincial rates. For example, the city of Seattle in Washington has a minimum wage of $16.69 per hour, while the city of Toronto in Ontario has a minimum wage of $15.75 per hour.

Overall, the minimum wage in North America varies greatly depending on the state or province, and even the city or county. While some areas have set their minimum wage rates at $15.00 per hour or higher, others have rates as low as $5.15 per hour.

Minimum Wage in Europe

Europe is a diverse continent with varying economies and labor laws. As such, minimum wage rates also differ from country to country. In general, most European countries have a statutory minimum wage that employers must pay their employees.

According to data from Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union, as of January 2023, the highest monthly minimum wage in Europe was in Luxembourg, at €2,201.93. Bulgaria had the lowest monthly minimum wage at €332.10, less than one-sixth of the Luxembourg rate.

The following table provides an overview of the minimum wage rates in selected European countries as of January 2023:

Country Monthly Minimum Wage (EUR)
Luxembourg 2,201.93
Ireland 1,761.53
Netherlands 1,684.80
Belgium 1,624.96
France 1,554.58
Germany 1,498.00
Spain 1,050.00
Portugal 775.00
Poland 610.00
Bulgaria 332.10

It is worth noting that some countries have different minimum wage rates for different sectors or age groups. For example, in Spain, the minimum wage for workers under 18 is €7.07 per hour, compared to the standard rate of €10.50 per hour. In the Netherlands, there are different minimum wage rates for workers aged 15 to 22 and those aged 23 and older.

As of April 2021, the minimum wage in the UK for workers aged 23 and over is £8.91 per hour. For workers aged 21-22, it is £8.36 per hour, and for those aged 18-20, it is £6.56 per hour. The minimum wage for apprentices is £4.30 per hour. These rates are designed to ensure that workers receive a fair wage for their work and to prevent exploitation by employers.

Overall, while there are significant differences in minimum wage rates across Europe, most countries have a legal floor that sets a minimum wage for workers.

Minimum Wage in Asia

Asia is home to some of the world’s largest and fastest-growing economies. The minimum wage in each country varies depending on the cost of living, economic conditions, and government policies. Here is a brief overview of the minimum wage in some of the major Asian countries:

  • China: The minimum wage varies by region, with the highest minimum wage in Shanghai at 2,480 RMB ($384) per month and the lowest in Anhui at 1,200 RMB ($186) per month.
  • India: The minimum wage varies by state and sector, with the highest minimum wage in Delhi at 14,842 INR ($200) per month and the lowest in Tripura at 213 INR ($2.8) per day.
  • Japan: The minimum wage varies by prefecture, with the highest minimum wage in Tokyo at 1,013 JPY ($9.2) per hour and the lowest in Miyazaki at 731 JPY ($6.6) per hour.
  • South Korea: The minimum wage is set annually by the government, with the current minimum wage at 9,160 KRW ($8.1) per hour.
  • Philippines: The minimum wage varies by region and sector, with the highest minimum wage in the National Capital Region at 537 PHP ($11) per day and the lowest in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao at 280 PHP ($5.8) per day.
  • Indonesia: The minimum wage varies by province and sector, with the highest minimum wage in Jakarta at 4,276,349 IDR ($290) per month and the lowest in West Nusa Tenggara at 1,623,000 IDR ($110) per month.

Overall, the minimum wage in Asia varies significantly depending on the country and region. While some countries have relatively high minimum wages, others have very low minimum wages that are insufficient to cover basic living expenses.

CityLondon-n

Latham targets A&O for second infrastructure hire this week

Another magic circle partner is to join Latham & Watkins in London, as it sets its sights on winning work in the infrastructure M&A market.

Allen & Overy partner Conrad Andersen, who was promoted in 2008, is to join Clifford Chance partner Brendan Moylan at the US firm. The latter’s move was revealed yesterday.

While Moylan joins the corporate practice, Andersen will be a member of the finance group.

“We see a strategic opportunity to establish a top-tier infrastructure practice in London and Europe to complement our existing infrastructure M&A, finance, and project finance practices in the US, Asia, and the Middle East,” said Jay Sadanandan, Latham’s London office managing partner.

Private equity co-chair David Walker added: “With infrastructure funds and traditional private equity sponsors both increasingly looking to invest in all forms of infrastructure assets, Brendan and Conrad’s arrival presents a unique opportunity for us to further expand our leading practice with two of the market’s leading lights.”

The pair will be able to advise clients across the lifecycle of infrastructure assets, from acquisition and financing to refinancing and disposal.

Moylan’s move reunites him with his former magic circle colleagues from Clifford Chance –  David WalkerKem Ihenacho and Tom Evans.

Similarly Andersen will be making the same move as his former A&O partners, including Ed Barnett and Stephen Kensell.

handshake deal

White & Case boosts litigation practice with double-partner hire

White & Case has drafted in two new litigation partners from Bryan Cave Leighton Paisner (BCLP) and Cadwalader Wickersham & Taft.

International arbitration partner David Robertson has joined the firm from BCLP, while commercial litigation partner Steven Baker will also boost the practice after his arrival from Cadwalader.

Baker – whose practice focuses largely on technology, communications, banking, financial services and commodities – leaves Cadwalader after less than two years at the firm. He joined Cadwalader from Bird & Bird in October 2016.

White & Case partner and global executive committee member Oliver Brettle said: “Our 2020 strategy includes a focus on profitable growth in London, in our disputes practice and in the global oil & gas, technology and financial institutions industries. As we continue to take the fight to the magic circle, the arrival of leading partners such as Steven and David propels us forward in all these areas.

“They are the eighth and ninth partners we have announced joining us laterally in London during 2018 to date, adding to the seven internal partner promotions that were effective on 1 January 2018.”

The pair will join a practice which just two months ago was further bolstered by the addition of Addleshaw Goddard litigation partner Chris Brennan.

In January, it was also announced that Weil Gotshal & Manges former co-head of dispute resolution Hannah Field-Lowes would be joining the firm, underlining its intentions towards the UK litigation market.

Data gathered for The Lawyer Global Litigation Top 50 2018 report showed White & Case had the 11th-largest litigation practice in the City. The firm boasted 114 lawyers last calendar year, posting a 6.5 per cent increase on 2016’s total of 107. Of that number 23 were partners, generating $89.1m (£68.9m) between them.

Vannin names Fountain Court clerk as its new MD

Litigation funder Vannin Capital has hired Fountain Court Chambers deputy senior clerk Paul Martenstyn as managing director and he will join its London office this October.

Martenstyn has spent the last decade at Fountain Court, joining in 2008 as a clerk before being named to his current role three years later. Prior to joining the set, he worked as a clerk for two years at Serjeants’ Inn Chambers and junior clerk at Hardwicke Chambers.

Paul Martenstyn Vannin
Future Vannin managing director Paul Martenstyn

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

It is not yet known who will succeed Martenstyn in the role, though the set has a number of prominent cases on currently including the recent expansion of its involvement in Robert Tchenguiz v Grant Thornton LLP & Ors.

Vannin Capital CEO Richard Hextall said: “Having spent more than twenty years immersed in the world of chambers and litigation, Paul has established himself as a highly astute commercial partner.

“His understanding of the litigation landscape and unwavering commitment to support clients will be a tremendous asset to Vannin as we continue to grow our market-leading offering.”

After launching in 2010, the funder established offices in both London and Paris. Vannin now boasts five offices overall with openings in Sydney (2015), New York (2017) and Germany (2018) adding to its initial locations.

Commenting on the move, Martenstyn said: “Vannin is clearly on an upward trajectory, with an excellent reputation in legal finance and an ambitious strategy to capitalise on the continued growth of litigation funding internationally. I very much look forward to contributing to its continued success.”

US lateral hires: Asda shows a payoff for Gibson Dunn’s competition push

A cursory exploration of the hiring strategies of American firms in 2017 leads straight to Kirkland or Latham. Yet The Lawyer’s Top 50 US firms in London report shows the brouhaha around David Higgins eclipses other, equally targeted talent acquisitions. And arguably one of the most significant hires in the last few years has been not in private equity or leveraged finance, but in competition: namely, Ali Nikpay.

Catrin Griffiths

Nikpay joined Gibson Dunn in 2013, having built his career at DG Comp and then the OFT. This week he was named as the lead competition partner for Asda, working aside Slaughter and May partners Sally Wokes, Victoria MacDuff and Nigel Boardman on the megadeal with Sainsbury’s. Linklaters was on the other side, with partners Nicole Kar and Simon Pritchard leading on competition.

As co-counsel mandates go, it’s a plum job. And a US firm displacing the mighty competition department at Slaughter and May, no less, has not gone unremarked by City competition partners. “They’ll be bloody livid,” speculates one, with just the tiniest shade of glee.  Despite the fact that Slaughters’ Bertrand Louveaux had advised Asda on the Competition Commission’s market investigation into the supply of groceries in the UK and on the OFT’s investigation into dairy products – including representing Asda before the Competition Appeals Tribunal – Gibson’s Nikpay nevertheless managed to get the call.

US firms’ cheerleaders in certain sections of the press will no doubt heap yet more doom upon magic circle firms, but Nikpay’s success in getting through Asda’s door is down to a combination of specific circumstances. First – and this is where the network effect is a structural advantage – Gibson has a significant client relationship with Walmart. Washington DC partner Adam Vincenzo was lead antitrust counsel on Walmart’s $3bn acquisition of internet retailer Jet.com (cleared by the Federal Trade Commission in 2016) and on its 2017 acquisition of online retailer Bonobos. Nevertheless, what is more important is the specifics. As a deal precipitated by the threat of online retail, and in particular the faint rumble of Jeff Bezos’s tanks on the lawn, the competition elements of the Sainbury’s-Asda deal have attracted considerable notice from commentators.

Nikpay’s success on a superficially different but nevertheless related retail sector is significant here; namely, the 2016 merger between Gala Coral and Ladbrokes, a transaction that had been on and off the table for years. That deal, between the then-second and third largest bookmakers in the UK, was hugely dependent on regulatory approval, with Nikpay’s arguments that the deal should be analysed on a local not a national angle, and also through the lens of online competition, winning the day. Plaudits abounded. Several partners note Nikpay’s can-do attitude: “Ali is Mr Positive,” says one.

Nikpay’s background at the regulator – and his training as an economist – was a crucial selling point for Asda, and has been Gibson Dunn’s entry point into a number of UK corporates. “Antitrust undeniably raises political issues as well as technical issues,” says a City competition partner. “Ali has relationships and insights that the Slaughters team, brilliant though they are, don’t quite have in equal measure.”

It won’t be a one-off. What is more than ever at stake is understanding the regulator’s outlook in a landscape where digital has changed the game, and in a world where after March 2019 the CMA will have a considerably extended remit, including ruling on state aid.

Any hires from the regulator are all about getting insight into thinking; just look at the scramble for recruits from the enforcement agencies, the most recent being ex-DPP Alison Saunders to Linklaters. “The way the CMA and Commission look at markets doesn’t stand still,’ says one competition partner. ‘Some firms tend to go back to old cases to apply an existing methodology, but the CMA is constantly evolving its ideas.” The traffic between private practice and competition regulator is not high, but it has produced some quality catches, largely for magic circle firms: Nelson Jung at Clifford Chance, Simon Priddis at Freshfields and Linklaters’ Simon Pritchard, who is currently on for Sainsbury’s on the Asda deal. Nikpay aside, the only US firm hire of recent times was Jonathan Parker, who joined Latham as a partner after a stint as director of mergers at the CMA – prior to that he was a senior associate at A&O.

Private practitioners predict less traffic between private practice and the regulator in the near term, citing the internal restructure at the CMA that means that responsibilities are spread out between a larger number of team leaders, a move that is seen as partly defensive. “The CMA didn’t like one or two indiviudals having a huge amount of influence or being better known,” says one partner.

Still, now is the perfect time to join the regulator and make your name. The CMA has vacancies for a senior director in mergers and senior legal director in mergers, markets and sector regulation. The new technology team at the CMA, which will include the new post of chief data and technology insights officer, underlines the extent to which digital and online market disruption will dominate competition policy over the next few years. “It’ll be the most interesting time for them,” says one partner. “The big question is, are they going to have the cojones to take on someone like Google, going forward?”

But back to Sainsbury’s. Once Slaughters partners have recovered from their internal lament at missing the deal of the year, they will have some work to do to make sure no further ground is lost to the US. Once is unlucky, but twice would be a trend.

DLA Piper hires key duo

DLA Piper has hired former Gibson Dunn & Crutcher partner Phil Crump and Kirkland & Ellis partner Doug Murning.

Crump left Gibson Dunn at the end of last year without a new role, having joined Gibson Dunn from Kirkland & Ellis in August 2015.

Crump’s move to Gibson Dunn had reunited him with former Kirkland colleague Stephen Gillespie, who co-chairs Gibson’s global finance group.

Before joining Kirkland in 2007, Crump was an associate at Shearman & Sterling and trained in New Zealand in the late ‘90s at Russell McVeagh.

Alongside Crump’s hire, DLA Piper has also recruited Kirkland partner Doug Murning, who is based in Hong Kong. He will continue to work in Asia, though will initially split his time between there and London.

In his new role, will become head of DLA’s London leveraged finance team, advising on lender-side finance deals, special situations and deals for alternative credit providers.

Earlier this year, DLA Piper hired Ropes & Gray London senior partner Maurice Allen as a consultant, who joined with a brief to develop the firm’s finance sector strategy.

He reports to Charles Severs, managing director of practice groups and Jan Geert Meents, managing director of sectors and clients.

Linklaters

Linklaters recruits from Ropes to boost restructuring team

Linklaters is set to grow its restructuring team with the hire of Ropes & Gray partner James Douglas.

Douglas is a member of the US firm’s special situations group in London, where he acts for clients including KKR Credit, Hutchinson Investors and TPG Special Situation Partners. moving to the city from New Zealand firm Minter Ellison Rudd Watts.

He joined Ropes’ partnership in 2010, after moving to the city from New Zealand firm Minter Ellison Rudd Watts.

Ropes’ special situations group is one of the largest in the firm’s London office, with nine partners listed as specialising in restructuring matters.

These include the group’s co-head Peter Baldwin, along with a number of other partners who also work in the firm’s private equity and finance groups.

Douglas’ appointment follows a series of exits from Linklaters’ restructuring team – predominantly to Sidley Austin.

New York City

Quinn hires Kirkland partner to bolster litigation in NYC

Quinn Emanuel has hired former Kirkland & Ellis partner and patent litigation lawyer Steven Cherny to boost its New York office.

At Kirkland, Cherny focused on patent litigation in Federal Courts and the United States International Trade Commission.

He has tried high profile patent cases involving IP in industries ranging from telecommunications, electronics and pharmaceuticals to financial and business methods and consumer products.

Quinn managing partner John Quinn said: “The firm’s IP litigation practice is booming. Adding a widely acknowledged superstar in that space is a unique opportunity.  We expect Steve will spearhead the firm’s growth in the medical device and telecom areas in particular.”

Cherny said: “Quinn Emanuel’s firmwide focus on high stakes patent disputes and in particular the willingness and experience trying cases is like coming home to me.”

 

Hong Kong

Ashurst Hong Kong exits continue as project finance partner joins DLA Piper

Matthias Schemuth leaves firm after nine years for move to DLA Piper.

Ashurst has seen another departure from its Hong Kong office, with project finance partner Matthias Schemuth leaving for DLA Piper.

Schemuth, who is joining DLA in Hong Kong, advises lenders and sponsors on projects in the oil and gas, petrochemical and mining sectors. In 2014, he led the team representing a consortium of Japanese and Korean export credit agencies and commercial lenders on a $2.8bn (£2.2bn) liquefied natural gas project in Indonesia.

Olswang loses another senior partner ahead of three-way merger

Olswang technology partner and former Asia head Rob Bratby is set to join Arnold & Porter’s London office ahead of the UK firm’s planned three-way tie-up with CMS and Nabarro.

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Bratby, whose practice focuses on corporate work in the telecoms, media and technology sector, was Olswang’s Asia managing partner from 2011 until earlier this year, when he returned to London from Singapore.